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A. LEGISLATION AND RULES A.1 Legislation International arbitration in Kyrgyzstan continues to be governed by the Law on Arbitration Courts (“Law”), as enacted on 30 July 2002. The Law is mostly based on the UNCITRAL Model Law. Provisions of the Law were challenged several times based on arguments that the Law and the main principles of arbitration proceedings contradicted Kyrgyzstan’s constitution. However, the constitutional court and the constitutional chamber of the Supreme Court consistently rejected…

A. LEGISLATION AND RULES A.1 Legislation International arbitration[1] seated in Türkiye is governed by the International Arbitration Law of 2001 (IAL),[2] while domestic arbitration not involving a foreign element is governed by the Code of Civil Procedure of 2011 (CCP).[3] The provisions in these two codes were both inspired by the UNCITRAL Model Law; therefore, they can be characterized as reasonably standard and arbitration-friendly. The recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Türkiye is…

A. LEGISLATION AND RULES A.1 Legislation Austrian arbitration law is governed by sections 577 to 618 of the Austrian Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO). It does not distinguish between national and international proceedings and applies to disputes in commercial and other matters. The last significant amendment to Austrian arbitration law dates back to 2013 when the Austrian Supreme Court (OGH) became the only court competent to decide on actions to set aside an arbitral award…

A. LEGISLATION AND RULES A.1 Legislation There have been no relevant legal developments on arbitration in Spain during 2022. B. CASES B.1 Award annulment proceedings: Spanish Constitutional Court revokes two Judgments of the Madrid High Court of Justice on the grounds that they imply an unjustified review under an extensive and unfounded interpretation of the concept of Spanish “public policy.” Judgments of Constitutional Court no. 50/2022, dated 4 April 2022, and no. 79/2022, dated 27…